ASTM D7451 Standard Test Method for Water Separation Properties of Light and Middle Distillate, and Compression and Spark Ignition Fuels
ASTM D7451輕質和中間餾出的壓燃及火花點火發動機油水分離性試驗方法
The primary use of this test method is to evaluate new additive packages in specific fuels to ensure that fuel-water separability will not be compromised by the use of the additive package, either at their normal treat rates or at several times the intended treat rate to evaluate the impact of potential overtreatment.
Water Volume Changes—Using this technique reveal the presence of water-soluble components, such as alcohols, in the fuel.
Interface Condition Ratings—Using this technique reveal the presence of partially soluble components, such as surfactants, in the fuel.
Additives or contaminants that affect the interface could harm water separation properties of fuels in equipment and quickly inhibit the free flow of fuel through filters and injection equipment, causing a decrease in combustion performance.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the tendency of water and fuels with a final boiling point of less than 390°C, as measured in Test Method D 86, to separate cleanly rather than create emulsions when they may contain potential emulsion forming additives or components, or have been additized with potential emulsion forming additives, or components.
1.2 This test method applies primarily to gasoline, diesel, kerosine, and distillate grades of gas turbine, marine, home heating oils and furnace fuels (see Specifications D 396, D 975, D 2880, D 3699, D 4814, and D 6985). For fuel components such as biodiesel or alcohol, refer to X1.2 and X1.3.
1.3 This test method is not meant to certify or qualify fuels for sale, but it is intended for use by additive suppliers to determine the need for demulsifier components in their additive packages.
1.4 This test method is not meant for testing of fuels containing large amounts of aqueous soluble components, such as E85, or for testing of water emulsified fuels, or for testing of aviation fuels.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately)
ASTM Standards
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D3699 Specification for Kerosine
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D6985 Specification for Middle Distillate Fuel Oil--Military Marine Applications
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D3699 Specification for Kerosine
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contamination in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D6985 Specification for Middle Distillate Fuel Oil--Military Marine Applications
Index Terms
compression ignition fuel; demulsibility; diesel fuel; emulsion forming; fuel contaminants; fuel water interface; gasoline; light distillate fuel; middle distillate fuel; non-aviation fuel; spark ignition fuel; surfactants; water separation; water-soluble additives; Demulsibility; Distillate fuels; Fuel contamination; Spark ignition; Surfactants; Water separation--fuels;
