ASTM G145 Standard Guide for Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
ASTM G145研究氧氣系統火災事故標準指南
This guide helps those studying oxygen system incidents to select a direct cause hypothesis and to avoid conclusions based on hypotheses, however plausible, that have proven faulty in the past.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers procedures and material for examining fires in oxygen systems for the purposes of identifying potential causes and preventing recurrence.
1.2 This guide is not comprehensive. The analysis of oxygen fire incidents is not a science, and definitive causes have not been established for some events.
1.3 The procedures and analyses in this guide have been found to be useful for interpreting fire events, for helping identify potential causes, and for excluding other potential causes. The inclusion or omission of any analytical strategy is not intended to suggest either applicability or inapplicability of that method in any actual incident study.
Note 1—Although this guide has been found applicable for assisting qualified technical personnel to analyze incidents, each incident is unique and must be approached as a unique event. Therefore, the selection of specific tactics and the sequence of application of those tactics must be conscious decisions of those studying the event.
Note 2—The incident may require the formation of a team to provide the necessary expertise and experience to conduct the study. The personnel analyzing an incident, or at least one member of the team, should know the process under study and the equipment installation.
1.4 Warning—During combustion, gases, vapors, aerosols, fumes, or combinations thereof, are evolved, which may be present and may be hazardous to people. Caution—Adequate precautions should be taken to protect those conducting a study.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) ASTM Standards
E620 Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts
E678 Practice for Evaluation of Scientific or Technical Data
E860 Practice for Examining And Preparing Items That Are Or May Become Involved In Criminal or Civil Litigation
E1020 Practice for Reporting Incidents that May Involve Criminal or Civil Litigation
E1138 Terminology for Technical Aspects of Products Liability Litigation
E1188 Practice for Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
G63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxygen Service
G88 Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
G93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
G114 Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
G124 Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behavior of Metallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres
G126 Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
G128 Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Enriched Systems
Compressed Gas Association (CGA) Standards
G-4.8 Safe Use of Aluminum Structured Packing for Oxygen Distillation
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard
NFPA921 Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations
Occupational Safety and Health Act
OSHA Process Safety Management Compliance Manual
Index Terms
accident; cause; fire; incident; investigation; oxygen; Accidents; Contamination--systems (materials/applications); Fire investigation; Incidents; Investigation; Oxygen service/systems;
ASTM G145研究氧氣系統火災事故標準指南
This guide helps those studying oxygen system incidents to select a direct cause hypothesis and to avoid conclusions based on hypotheses, however plausible, that have proven faulty in the past.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers procedures and material for examining fires in oxygen systems for the purposes of identifying potential causes and preventing recurrence.
1.2 This guide is not comprehensive. The analysis of oxygen fire incidents is not a science, and definitive causes have not been established for some events.
1.3 The procedures and analyses in this guide have been found to be useful for interpreting fire events, for helping identify potential causes, and for excluding other potential causes. The inclusion or omission of any analytical strategy is not intended to suggest either applicability or inapplicability of that method in any actual incident study.
Note 1—Although this guide has been found applicable for assisting qualified technical personnel to analyze incidents, each incident is unique and must be approached as a unique event. Therefore, the selection of specific tactics and the sequence of application of those tactics must be conscious decisions of those studying the event.
Note 2—The incident may require the formation of a team to provide the necessary expertise and experience to conduct the study. The personnel analyzing an incident, or at least one member of the team, should know the process under study and the equipment installation.
1.4 Warning—During combustion, gases, vapors, aerosols, fumes, or combinations thereof, are evolved, which may be present and may be hazardous to people. Caution—Adequate precautions should be taken to protect those conducting a study.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) ASTM Standards
E620 Practice for Reporting Opinions of Scientific or Technical Experts
E678 Practice for Evaluation of Scientific or Technical Data
E860 Practice for Examining And Preparing Items That Are Or May Become Involved In Criminal or Civil Litigation
E1020 Practice for Reporting Incidents that May Involve Criminal or Civil Litigation
E1138 Terminology for Technical Aspects of Products Liability Litigation
E1188 Practice for Collection and Preservation of Information and Physical Items by a Technical Investigator
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
G63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxygen Service
G88 Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
G93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
G114 Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
G124 Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behavior of Metallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres
G126 Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
G128 Guide for Control of Hazards and Risks in Oxygen Enriched Systems
Compressed Gas Association (CGA) Standards
G-4.8 Safe Use of Aluminum Structured Packing for Oxygen Distillation
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard
NFPA921 Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations
Occupational Safety and Health Act
OSHA Process Safety Management Compliance Manual
Index Terms
accident; cause; fire; incident; investigation; oxygen; Accidents; Contamination--systems (materials/applications); Fire investigation; Incidents; Investigation; Oxygen service/systems;
